Le 4 mars : message d'inauguration de Roosevelt au pouvoir (c'en est fini de Hoover)
Le 6 mars :
=> fermeture de toutes les banques et de toute activité bancaire du 6 au 9 mars inclus.
"I, FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, President of the United States of America, by Proclamation declared the existence of a national emergency and proclaimed a bank holiday extending from Monday the 6th day of March to Thursday the 9th day of March, 1933, both dates inclusive, in order to prevent the export, hoarding or earmarking of gold or silver coin, or bullion or currency, or speculation in foreign exchange; (...)"
(texte en entier :
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index ... 5&st=&st1= )
Le 10 mars : Réouverture et reprise de l'activité bancaire,
MAIS :
"Until further order, no individual, partnership, association, or corporation, including any banking institution, shall export or otherwise remove or permit to be withdrawn from the United States or any place subject to the jurisdiction thereof any gold coin, gold bullion, or gold certificates, except in accordance with regulations prescribed by or under license issued by the Secretary of the Treasury."
=> en gros, dans les banques, le retrait en or est maintenant interdit. (texte :
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index ... 7&st=&st1= )
LE 5 AVRIL : PROHIBITION DE L'OR : loi sur le retour de l'or vers les banques (avant le 1er mai 1933) :
"I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States of America, do declare that said national emergency still continues to exist and pursuant to said section do hereby prohibit the hoarding of gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates within the continental United States by individuals, partnerships, associations and corporations and hereby prescribe the following regulations for carrying out the purposes of this order:
(...)
Section 2. All persons are hereby required to deliver on or before May 1, 1933, to a Federal Reserve Bank or a branch or agency thereof or to any member bank of the Federal Reserve System all gold coin, gold bullion and gold certificates now owned by them or coming into their ownership on or before April 28, 1933, except the following (...)" le texte en entier :
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index ... 1&st=&st1==> En gros retour de l'or aux banques, transactions avec de l'or entre particuliers ou entre entreprises interdites.
LE 31 JANVIER 1934 : DÉVALUATION DU DOLLAR DE 59% !! (et anniversaire de Roosevelt
le 30, joyeux zanniveraire mister president
)
"the President today issued a Proclamation fixing the weight of the gold dollar at 15 5/21 grains nine-tenths fine. This is 59.06 plus percent of the former weight of 25 8/10 grains, nine-tenths fine, as fixed by Section 1 of the Act of Congress of March 4, 1900. (...)
2. The Secretary of the Treasury, with the approval of the President, issued a public announcement that beginning February 1, 1934, he will buy through the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as fiscal agent, for the account of the United States, any and all gold delivered to any United States Mints or the Assay Offices in New York or Seattle, at the rate of $35.00 per fine troy Ounce (...)"
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index ... 9&st=&st1=En gros, l'once d'or, passe à 35 dollar alors qu'elle vallait 20,67 dollar depuis près de 100 ans
(depuis 1834 exactement)
PS : 1934-5 = 1929 si vous voyez ce que je veux dire...
J'espère que ce petit retour dans l'histoire (ce sont les textes officiels prononcés par le gouvernement de l'époque) vous aura plu!
Hub-